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Правила доменов .IT
The .it registration is open to European Union organizations and individuals having connections in Italy. Introduced in the year 1987, the .it is the official top level domain for Italy. IT-NIC (Network Information Center per l'Italia) is the authorized registry of .it domain names in Italy. Some of the important sub domains available under the .it domain extensions are com.it, edu.it, gov.it, int.it, mil.it, net.it, org.it, web.it and info.it.
The registration of a .it name is bound by certain requirements and criteria. Registrants residing in or belonging to any of the member states of the European Union are entitled to register .it domain names. That is, registrants must have citizenship and residence in the European Union. The registration of .it domain names is unrestricted for the VAT-registered EU companies and tax-paying European individuals. However, it is limited to one for the non-tax registered individuals and associations.
Advance registration is not allowed. The IT-NIC Registry assigns domain names on the basis of the first come, first served principle. The registration process culminates at the time when the domain is uploaded in the database of the Registry of the Assigned Names (RAN). The registration at the second level and third level are permitted. If a registrant wants to register a domain name beneath the .it TLD, he or she has to send a Letter of Assumption of Responsibility (LAR) to the RA for approval.
The domain name can contain only alpha-numeric characters such as A to Z and numerals from 0 to 9. The length must not be less than 3 letters or more than 63 letters. Hyphens are allowed, but not at the beginning or end of the domain name and not consecutively. Small and capital letters will be accepted as the same.
If the registrant does not wish to renew the .it domain, he or she can freely delete that domain name registration from the Registry by following the appropriate norms descirbed in the official website. In the case of modification and cancellation, a written request should be forwarded to the Registry.
.IT Naming Rules
Version - 3.7
SECTION 1
Assignment Rules
1. Purpose
The present Rules contain the norms for the assignment of domain names
within the ccTLD "it" (Italy), both for the Internet Protocol Suite (IPS)
standard and the Open System Interconnection (OSI) standard.
The following Rules and the procedures which constitute the base of the
Registration Authority Italiana (RA) operations are defined by the Naming
Authority Italiana (NA).
Declaratory note: the principal concepts and terms used in these Rules,
in the Technical Registration Procedures and in the referenced documents
are described in a specially created "Tutorial" available from the NA.
The tutorial is by no way part of the regulations and cannot be used as a
probe document; it is made available to the readers for a purely didactic
informative purpose.
2. Tasks of the Registration Authority Italiana
The RA manages and maintain the database of domain names under the ccTLD
"it", also named as "Registro dei Nomi Assegnati" (Assigned Names
Registry) (RNA). The general RA operating procedures are drawn from the
ISO 9834-1, RFC1591 and ICANN ICP-1 specification, and their subsequent
updates.
The RA must verify that domain name assignment requests conform to the
Rules and Technical Registration Procedures.
The RA provides for the registration and assignment in use of the
following objects related to domain names within the ccTLD "it" (ISO
3166), including the geographic section:
a) domain names according to the ISO/IEC 10021 standard and subsequent
updates;
b) domain names according to the IPS RFC822, RFC1034, RFC1035 standards
and subsequent updates;
c) mapping rules between the ISO/IEC 10021 (ITU X.400) and IPS RFC822
standards according to the IPS MIXER (RFC2156) standard and subsequent
updates;
d) "relative distinguished names" according to the ITU X.500 standard and
subsequent updates.
3. Domain names
Domain names are assigned by the RA to registrants following the requests
chronological order, as defined by the Technical Registration Procedures
Domain names have the only purpouse to identify uniquely groups of
objects (services, machines, post boxes etc.) located on the net.
4. Registration
Domain names within the ccTLD "it" can be assigned to subjects belonging
to a member state of the European Union. Associations without VAT numbers or
fiscal code (or equivalent) and persons not owning a VAT number (or
equivalent) can register a single domain name, only.
5. Structure of the tree of Italian domain names
Domain names can be assigned directly under the ccTLD "it" or else under
the predefined geographic structure.
The predefined geographic structure is constructed with the names and
abbreviations of the Italian provinces and regions, as well, under the
provinces, as the names of Italian councils.
The domain names which constitute the predefined geographic structure
form a hierarchical container for other domain names (functionally
equivalent to a ccTLD or gTLD) and as such are not assignable.
The complete geographic structure of the tree of Italian domain names is
given in the document "Reserved Domain Names" available from the NA.
6. Registration Obligation
For all domain names placed directly under the ccTLD "it" or directly
under the predefined geographic structure registration with the RA is
obligatory.
7. Reserved Names
Some domain names are reserved, and as such are not assignable, or are
assignable only to predetermined subjects.
Domain names constituted by only one or two characters are not
assignable:
directly under the ccTLD "it" (IPS);
as a PRMD (ISO/IEC 10021) field;
as an Org (X.500) field;
The list of reserved domain names, given in the document "Reserved Domain
Names", is an integral part of the present naming rules and is available
from the NA.
The domain names, listed in the reserved domain names and belonging to the
predefined geographic structure registered in a date older than their
definition as reserved names, can be used by the assegnee for at maximum
of one year after the date they have been declared as reserved names.
Afterwards, these neames will be used as described into the naming rules and
procedures.
8. Previous domain names and bookings
Domain names cannot be booked.
A domain name assigned within the name space under the ccTLD "it" cannot
be considered as prereserved in other positions of the same name tree.
9. Assignment of a domain name
The domain name assignment procedure concludes when it is loaded into the
RAN. This is effected only when the RA has received all of the
documentation requested and the effective functionality of the name has
been verified, i.e.:
the correct operation of the authoritative nameservers of the domain name
and the accessibility of the "postmaster" address for the domain name in
the case of IPS and ISO/IEC 10021;
the correct operation and the accessibility of the DSA in the case of ITU
X.500.
10. Transfer and modification of an assigned domain name
A domain name can be transferred upon agreement of the parties, or
following a specific or universal succession, or at the end of a
reassignment procedure run in accordance with art.16. It is anyhow
forbidden to forestall and cybersquat domain names.
A suspended or challenged domain name according to art.14 can be
transferred only to the subject that has submitted it to the challenge
procedure. Once the challenged status of a domain name is over, the
assignee can transfer it to anybody.
Universal or specific succession cases excepted, a modification
request of an assigned domain name, including the position change
within the Italian domain name tree, is considered in all respects as
a cancellation of the domain name previously assigned joint with a
new domain name request.
11. Annulment of the assignment of a domain name
The RA may annul the assignation of a domain name only:
a) following renunciation on the part of the assignee; or
b) officially
c) following judicial sentence of arbitration decision.
11.1 Annulment as a result of renunciation
Where annulment is a result of renunciation of the domain name on the
part of the assignee, if requested by the assignee the RA is obliged to
ensure the maintenance of the old domain name for a maximum period of six
months.
11.2 Official annulment
The RA officially annuls the assignment of a domain name in the following
cases:
- shortcoming of the objective and subjective elements which have
determined the assignment of a domain in the ccTLD "it", where expected;
- failure to present the documents requested by the RA according to article
13.3 below:
- failure to present the documents requested by the RA according to article
3.2 in the Technical Registration Procedures;
- the non "visibility/accessibility" of the objects belonging to the
assigned domain name for more than three months. Verification of this
lack of "visibility/accessibility" must be effected technically by the
RA. In this case the domain name cannot be reassigned to others within a
month from the date of annulment.
11.3 Annulment in view of judicial sentence or arbitration decision
The RA annuls the assignment of a domain name in view of a judicial
sentence or arbitration decision which establishes that the assignee did
not have rights to its use. A suspended domain name cannot be reassigned
for others until its annulment.
A domain name annulled according to the substance of the previous comma
is immediately rendered available for assignment to subjects other that
the previous assignee, except in the case of explicit indication to the
contrary expressed within the judicial sentence or arbitration decision.
12 Suspension of the assignation of a domain name
The RA can suspend the assignation of a domain name only:
a) on orders from the authorities, or
b) upon request by the assignee.
c) on the event specific in art. 12.3
12.1 Suspension on orders from the authorities
The RA suspends the assignation of a domain name on orders from the
judicial authorities noted to them in legal terms, or cautionary
precautions communicated by the arbitration body, wherewith the use of
the domain name on the part of the assignee is inhibited.
The domain name thus suspended is reactivated for the original assignee
only in view of an executive proceeding on the part of the judicial or
arbitration authority rejecting the requests of whomsoever disputed the
legitimacy of its use, or in view of the demonstration that the
procedure, in the ambit of which the suspension order was issued, has
been extinguished.
The domain name suspended in accordance with the substance of the first
comma of the present article is revoked by the RA only in view of a
judicial sentence or arbitration decision which confirms the act of
suspension or declares that the assignee did not have rights to its use.
12.2 Suspension upon request of the assignee
The RA suspends a domain name upon request by the assignee whose use of
the same is disputed judicially.
In this hypothesis, the RA is bound to reactivate the domain name for the
original assignee upon request by the same.
12.3 Suspension of a just assigned domain name
Contemporarily to the assignation of a domain name, the RA, whenever it
forsee the need and urgency of a verification of the statements made by the
assignee into the AR letter, can request the verification of the documents
as specified in art. 13.2 and suspend the domain name while waiting for
documents themeselves.
The RA, upon completion of the verifications specified in art. 13.2, must
re-enable the domain name to the assignee, or, in the hypothesis described
in art. 13.3, to revoke the assignation.
13 Documentation for the assignment of a domain name
The request for a new domain name is made by way of an electronic form
containing the technical data necessary to its functionality and
operation forwarded by the provider/maintainer of the domain name to the
RA and a predefined letter of assumption of responsibility forwarded by
the domain name requester.
The RA accepts assignment requests only when accompanied by the above-
mentioned documentation, compiled in accordance with the instructions.
13.1 Letter of assumption of responsibility
The assignee of a domain name assumes full civil and penal responsibility
for the use of the same. To this end the requester is obliged to forward
to the RA a letter of assumption of responsibility (AR letter) according
to the format given by the RA.
In the AR letter the identificational data of the requester must be
given. The requester must also declare knowledge of the fundamental
principals of use of the resources and of the Internet, the norms given
by the NA and the principles expressed in the document "Netiquette"
(available from the NA) and must pledge to respect them.
In the AR letter, the requester may devolve the controversies relative to
the requested domain name to the arbitration committee constituted by the
RA.
13.2 Verification of the documentation
The RA, at its discretion, can request that it be furnished with
documents confirming declarations made in the AR letter.
Such documents must be received by the RA within 15 days from the
request. For foreign assignees the above term is doubled.
13.3 Failure to present the documents requested by the RA
It is the faculty of the RA to annul the assignment of the domain name
where:
the documentation is not received by the RA on schedule; or
the requester refuses to send the documentation; or
it emerges that the declarations made by the requester do not correspond
to the truth.
13.4 Publication of the forms and instructions
The RA is obliged to render public and maintain on line on its own
servers the models for the forms and the letter of assumption of
responsibility, as well as the instructions for the registration of
domain names and further necessary particulars.
SECTION 2
Resolution of Disputes
14. Disputation Procedure
Anyone can dispute with the RA the domain names assigned by it and in use
in the RAN.
14.1 Introduction to disputation
A dispute is begun by letter forwarded by registered post to the RA by
complainants professing to have been the subject to prejudice as a result
of an object assigned in use to (an) other(s).
The letter of dispute must contain the generalities of the sender, the
domain name disputed, the reasons for the dispute, the prejudice to which
the sender has been subject or the rights which are assumed by the same
to have been breached.
14.2 Procedures of the Registration Authority in the instance of dispute
In the presence of a dispute, the RA adds the note "valore
contestato/challenged value" to the value contained in the RAN, and notes
there also the date of the beginning of the dispute in a special file
which, though not accessible to the public, can be obtained on request.
Furthermore, within 10 working days of receipt of the dispute, the RA
informs the assignee via e-mail of the dispute, and invites both parties
to begin arbitration procedure in accordance with article 15 or a
domain name riassignement administrative procedure in accordance with
article 16,
The communication to the assignee of the object disputed must contain all
of the information relevant to the dispute, including the data
unavailable for public access in the RAN.
The RA is obliged to furnish all of the data and documentation relative
to the object disputed to the party who requests it, subject to repayment
of expenses.
14.3 Pending Dispute
The RA does not participate in the resolution of a dispute, which, where
it cannot be brought about amicably, can be devolved by the interested
parties to the arbitration body, for which see article 15, or by action of
the challenger activating an adrministrative procedure as described in
article 16. The RA is not obliged to act in any further way until the
dispute has been resolved.
Pending dispute, the initiating party is obliged to confirm to the RA at
least once every six months its wish to keep the dispute pending and its
continued interest in the object disputed. Failing this, the RA will
consider the dispute resolved, unless it received communication of an
existing pending judgement, arbitration or administrative procedure regarding
that domain name.
14.4 Dispute Resolved
The RA considers a dispute resolved in the moment in which:
1. it receives a communication to this effect from all of the interested
parties; or
2. it receives an arbitration decision from the president of the
arbitration body on the question in conformance with the dictates of
article 15.6 of these rules; or
3. it receives notification of judicial sentence on the part of the
judicial authority, or arbitration decision which resolves the question;
or
4. it receives a communication from the disputing party declaring the
intention to abandon the dispute; or
5. the previous assignee of the object disputed renounces the assignment;
or
6. the challenged domain name is in the NO-PROVIDER-MNT state and the 3 months
described in art. 3.2 of the Technical Procedures of Registration are
passed without the RA receiving from the assignee further communication
regarding the domain registration;
or
7. one of the parties offers proof of the extinction of the judiciary
procedure undertaken for the resolution of the controversy; or
8. 6 months pass from the moment in which the dispute was begun without
any communication from the disputing party reaffirming the intention to
maintain the dispute; or
9. 6 months pass from the last reaffirmation of intention to maintain
the dispute; or
10. it receives the decision statement about an administrative procedure,
as described in art. 16, which transfers the domain name to the challenger
party; or
11. it receives the decision statement about an administrative procedure,
as described in art. 16, which rejects the challenge.
A resolved dispute cannot be reproposed by the same parties for the same
domain name, unless the decision statement come as per the cases numbered
10 and 11 above in this paragraph.
14.5 Effects of the resolution of the dispute
Once the dispute has been resolved in accordance with the substance of
article 14.4, the RA:
a - if the resolution has come about
* on the basis of points "4", "7", "8", "9" or "11" of article 14.4, or
* on the basis of point "10" of the preceding article 14.4, or
* on the basis of points "2" or "3" of the preceding article 14.4
and the sentence or arbitration decision are favourable to the assignee
resisting the dispute, or
* on the basis of point "1" of the preceding article 14.4 and
the parties agree as to the legitimacy of the registration of the
assignee resisting the dispute,
then the RA removes from the RNA the note "valore contestato/
challenged value" for the domain name challenged;
b - if the resolution has come about
* on the basis of points "2" or "3" of the preceding article 14.4
and the sentence or arbitration decision are favourable to the
challenger, or
* on the basis of point "9" of the preceding article 14.4, or
* on the basis of point "1" of the preceding article 14.4 and the
parties agree as to the illegitimacy of the registration of the
assignee resisting the dispute, or
* on the basis of point "5", "6", "10" or "12" of the preceding article
14.4
then the RA removes the assignment of the domain name challenged;
14.6 Reassignment of the disputed and removed domain name
In the cases covered by point "b" of the preceding article 14.5, the
removal of the domain name under dispute does not lead to its automatic
assignment to the party which initiated the dispute.
Once the dispute has been resolved, the RA does not render available the
disputed domain name for at least 30 days. The RA must also invite, not
more than 10 working days after the resolution of the dispute, the
disputing party to begin normal procedure for the assignment of the
domain name. If the procedure is not initiated within 30 days from the
resolution of the dispute, then the domain name cannot be reassigned to
any body which makes request for it to the RA.
15. Arbitration Committee
15.1 Arbitration clause
Whomsoever requests a domain name with the RA may engage, in the AR
letter or in a successive act, in the devolution to an informal
arbitrator of the eventual controversies connected to the assignment of
the domain name in question in accordance with the present naming rules,
recognising as valid and binding the decisions made by the arbitration
body.
15.2 Constitution of the arbitration body
An arbitration body is formed by the NA. The committee is composed of
those members of the NA who have asked the president to be allowed to
take part, excluding the president, the vice-president and the Executive
Commettee Director on duty.
The list of the arbiters nominated by the Executive Committee who are
members of the arbitration committee is available from the secretary of
the NA.
15.3 Composition of the arbitration body
The arbitration body is composed of three arbiters who are members of the
arbitration committee; one member is chosen by each disputing party while
the third, who acts as president of the arbitration body, is chosen by
the two aforechosen arbiters.
The party wishing to initiate arbitration procedure is obliged to proceed
with the nomination of an arbiter via registered post letter forwarded to
the defendant, to the arbiter nominated and to the President of the NA.
The letter must include the name of the chosen arbiter among those who
make up the arbitration committee, the object of the question to be
submitted to the arbitration body, the factual and legal reasons on which
it is founded, conclusions, domestic address and e-mail address, as well
as the invitation to the other party to nominate an arbiter from the
members of the arbitration committee.
The party to whom the invitation to nominate an arbiter is addressed is
obliged to do so, in accordance with the procedures given in the previous
comma, within 10 working days of receipt. Failing this, the party
submitting said invitation may ask for the nomination to be made by the
President of the NA, who will proceed with the nomination of an arbiter
within 5 working days from the request. The nomination is communicated to
the parties via e-mail.
The party arbiters thus nominated choose the president of the arbitration
body within five working days of the latest nomination on the part of the
disputing bodies. Where this choice is not made in time the more diligent
party may ask for the nomination of the third arbiter to be made by the
President of the NA, who will proceed with the nomination of an arbiter
within 5 working days from the request. The nomination is communicated to
the parties via e-mail.
The arbitration body is considered constituted from the day following the
acceptance of the task on the part of the president of the same body.
The arbiters must come to a decision within 90 days of the constitution
of the arbitration body.
15.4 Procedure before the arbitration body
The president of the body may nominate a secretary to assist during the
process and take minutes of the sittings in which the parties or their
representatives are heard.
The arbitration body may regulate the process of judgement in the manner
it maintains most appropriate, as long as respect for the examination is
assured. It is in all cases obliged to concede a period not less than 10
working days to each party to present their respective defences and
documentation, and a further period not less than 10 working days for
responses, as well as to convoke personally the parties and hear them in
examination where this is requested by one or both of them. Before the
arbitration body either party may be represented by another person,
except where the arbitration body deems it necessary for them to be heard
in person.
Communications of the arbitration body to the parties, the exchange of
minutes and responses may take place via e-mail, except where the parties
explicitly request paper documentation, or where it is necessary to
exchange or examine original documentation which cannot be transmitted
via e-mail.
15.5 Safeguarding powers and instructors of the arbitration body
Where there are serious reasons, upon request from one of the parties the
arbitration body may take safeguarding measures relative to the domain
name and to the assigned domain name under dispute. The RA is obliged to
put such measures into place immediately.
Where instruction is necessary, the arbitration body may delegate the
proceedings of instruction to one only of the arbiters. The RA is bound
to furnish the arbitration body with all of the information requested.
15.6 Decision of the arbitration body
The arbiters pass judgement according to equity, in the quality of
amicable components, on the basis of the present naming rules and the
Italian ordination norms.
The president of the arbitration body informs the parties, the President
and Executive Committee of the NA and the RA of the definitive decision
via registered post. The decisions of the arbitration body are kept by
the secretary of the NA and are placed at the disposal of the members of
the arbitration body. The arbitration decision is rendered public by the
president of the NA, except where the arbitration body, upon request from
one of the parties, decides to the contrary.
The decision of the arbitration body is unappealable.
The decisions of the arbitration body are put into execution by the RA
within five working days of the receipt of the same.
15.7 Compensation of the arbitration body and expenses.
Upon the decision, the arbiters liquidate their compensation along with
that of the secretary of the body, charging them, partially or entirely,
to the losing party. On request of either one of the parties, the body
may order the losing party to compensate, partially or in total, the
expenses sustained by the winning party, determining them, if necessary,
according to fairness.
The compensation which the arbitration body liquidates to the arbiters
for the judgement cannot be superior to half of the maximum set out by
the current forensic tariff at the moment of the decision.
16. Disputed domain name reassignment procedure
16.1 Enforceability of procedure
The claimant may request that the registered domains, which have been
challenged under art. 14, undergo this Reassignment procedure.
The administrative procedure is applicable to all domain names registered
under the ccTLD "it".
16.2 Nature of procedure
The purpose of the procedure is to check the entitlement to use or legal
availability of the domain name by the registrant, and that the domain has
not been registered and is not maintained in bad faith.
The only possible result of the procedure is the domain name reassignement.
The procedure is not of a jurisdictional nature, and, as such, does not
prevent the parties from appealing, even at a later time, to the court of law
or arbitration as provided by art. 15 of the naming rules.
16.3 Procedure, arbitration and appeal to the court of law.
The procedure shall be enforced and administered by special organisations,
called the "administrators", provided they fulfil the requirements established
by the Naming Authority.
Those who challenge a domain name shall be responsible for the selection of an
administrator to enforce and administer the procedure. All costs related to
the procedure shall be the sole responsibility of those who dispute a domain
name.
The procedure cannot be started pending another judgement related to the
disputed domain name before the ordinary judge or the board of arbitrators, as
provided by art.15 of the naming rules. If a judgement is filed before the
ordinary judge or an arbitration procedure is started as provided by art. 15
of the naming rules pending the Procedure, then the Procedure shall be
extinguished.
16.4 Sources of procedure
The Procedure shall be ruled by:
a) these naming rules;
b) the rules contained in the document "Domain name reassignment
procedure", which are an integral part of the naming rules;
c) the optional implementation provisions set forth by the administrators and
approved of to the purposes of art.16.5, sub-section II, below.
16.5 Supervision of administrators
The organisations under art. 16.3, sub-section I, may adopt their own
implementation provisions for a better definition of the procedure. The
implementation provisions cannot conflict with the naming rules and shall
refer to such aspects as fees, procedure length limits, set-up directives,
communication means between administrators and boards, as well as all forms.
Such implementation provisions shall be approved of by the Executive
Committee.
The NA President shall be responsible for checking the requirements of the
organisations which apply for the enforcement and administration of a
Procedure and for checking the work of such organisations. If an administrator
repeatedly breaches the procedural or merit rules, the NA President may exempt
the administrator from the administration of the procedures.
16.6 Transfer of a disputed domain name
The procedures shall cover any domain name with respect to which a third party
(hereinafter referred to as the "claimant") states the following:
a) that the disputed domain name is the same or such as to mislead with
respect to a trade mark on which the claimant claims rights, or with
respect to the claimant's name and surname; and that
b) the existing assignee (hereinafter referred to as the "defendant")
has no right or title with respect to the disputed domain name; and,
finally, that
c) the domain name has been registered and is used in bad faith.
If the claimant proves the joint existence of the A and C conditions above and
the assignee does not proof to have rights of use of the challenged domain
name, the disputed domain name shall be transferred to the claimant.
With respect to the point b) above of this article, the defendant shall be
deemed as entitled to the disputed domain name if the defendant proves that:
1) before being informed of the dispute, he used om gppd faith or objectively
got ready to use the domain name or a name corresponding to the same to
supply goods and services to the public; or
2) that he is known personally, as an association or commercial
organisation, with the name which corresponds to the registered domain
name, even if he has not registered the related trade mark; or
3) that he is making lawful use of the domain name for non-commercial
purposes, or for commercial purposes without the intention to mislead
the claimant's customers or breach the claimant's registered trade mark.
16.7 Proof of registration and maintenance of the domain in bad faith
The following circumstances, if proved, shall be considered as evidence of
registration and use of the domain in bad faith.
a) Any circumstance which may cause the domain name to be considered as
having been registered for the main purpose to sell, transfer the domain
name for use or otherwise, to the claimant (who holds rights in the
trade mark or name) or one of his competitors, for a consideration,
either money or other, exceeding the costs reasonably incurred into by
the defendant for registration and maintenance of the domain name;
b) The circumstance of the domain having been registered by the
defendant in order to prevent the holder of an identical trade mark from
registering such domain name as his own, and it being used for
activities which compete with the claimant's activities;
c) The circumstance of the domain name having been registered by the
defendant for the main purpose of damaging a competitor's business or
usurp the claimant's name and surname;
d) The circumstance of the domain name having been expressly used to
attract Internet users, for profit, by originating reasons for confusing
it with the claimant's trade mark.
The listing above is only an example. The board of arbitrators can, therefore,
argue other elements of bad faith in the registration and use of the domain
name, even from circumstances other than those listed above.
16.8 Multiple procedures
If multiple procedures are started with respect to one domain name, those
which have been started after the first one shall be suspended pending the
outcome of the first one started. If the first procedure started concludes
with the transfer of the disputed domain name to the claimant, the other
procedures shall be extinguished.
16.9 Role of the Naming Authority
The Naming Authority has no relation to the procedure and shall not be
responsible for the work of the administrators which enforce the procedures.
16.10 Publication of deliberations
The list of pending procedurs and the deliberations on the procedures shall
be made public in the web site of the Naming Authority and in the web site of
the administrator to which the deliberating board belongs, unless such board,
under exceptional circumstances and by taking justified measures, decides not
to publish all or part of it.
16.11 Enforcement of deliberation
If the board decides that the disputed domain name is to be reassigned, the
board's deliberation shall be enforced by the Registration Authority (and the
rules under articles 15.5 and 14.6 shall apply), unless
the latter receives, within 15 days from reception of the board's
deliberation, a suitably documented release from the defendant that the
defendant has filed legal proceedings or arbitration with respect to the
disputed domain name. In the case - it allowed for the specific case - the
defendant which filed the legal proceedings wished to use the terms given in
the following third paragraph, they shall submit an explicit and documentet
declaration inside the communitcation to the RA.
The documented release described in the previous sub-section must be supported
within 10 days by the photo-copy of the official act notification introducing
the judgement. In case the above documentation is not produced within 10 days,
or if the judgment has started later than the terms specified in the first
sub-section, the RA shall proceed with the domain name reassignemnt.
In the exclusive case there the notification of the legal action shall
be sent from or to different countries, the term to provide the copy of the
notified act (after which term the RA will re-assigne the domain name) is
changed into 30 days, starting from the data when the RA has received the
notification described in the first paragraph on this article.
If the legal proceedings or arbitration filed by the defendant are
extinguished, the Registration Authority shall enforce the board's
deliberation on the claimant's request.
16.12 Cost of procedure
The cost of procedure shall amount to at least 400 euros (plus V.A.T., if
applicable). 5% of the cost shall belong to to NA, as a lump-sum
reimbursement of the costs incurred for the enforcement of deliberations.
17. Procedure administrators' requirements
17.1 Subjective requirements
The Procedures may be enforced by public or individual legal persons or by
professional firms incorporated in the European Union.
17.2 Submission of applications
Applications for admission to the administration of procedures shall be
submitted to the President of the Naming Authority, who shall decide within 20
days from the submission of the applications.
The application shall indicate:
a) The administrator's name and legal representative;
b) Date of incorporation;
c) Name and address of the person in charge of the administration of
procedures;
d) The criteria which have been and which shall be followed by the
administrator in the selection of his arbitrators;
e) The administrator's URL;
f) Number of Procedures the administrator considers he will be able to
administrate monthly;
g) Cost of Procedure in the event of a single-person board or three-
people board.
The administrator's application shall state the following:
a) that the administrator shall be subject to the rules laid down by the
Naming Authority and accepts any variation that should be made to them
over time;
b) that the arbitrators listed are familiar with the naming rules and
the rules laid down for the enforcement of the procedures;
c) that his arbitrators are free to act on their own right also with
other administrators.
The application shall enclose the following:
a) A list of at least 15 people, with the relevant qualifications, who
accept to act as arbitrators in domain name reassignment procedures;
b) The text of any enforcement rule that the administrator intends to
follow during the enforcement of the Procedures.
c) the arbitrators' acceptance of being included in the list under point
a) of this sub-section.
In submitting the application, the administrator shall make accessible to the
NA President the URL where the indications contained in the application and
the annexes as per points a) and b) of the sub-section above of this article
are published.
17.3 Acceptance of application
The President of the Naming Authority, after evaluating the opportunity to
evaluate new administrators with respect to the needs of the ccTLD "it,
shall accept the applications and authorise the administrators whose
applications comply with the provisions laid down by art. 17.2 and whose
enforcement rules, if any, do not conflict with the naming rules.
The rejection of the application shall be justified and shall not prevent the
administrator from submitting a new application.
The candidate administrators whose requests were rejects for opportunity
reasons, shall be notified whenever the rejection motivation are no more
valid.
17.4 Qualification for administration of procedures
The acceptance of the application shall authorise the applicant to
administrate the procedures. The administrator shall be authorised to start
working as such, provided he publicly opens the URL, under art 17.2, last sub-
section, of the indications contained in the applications and annexes under
art. 17.2 sub-section IV, points a) and b).
17.5 Revocation of qualification
The President of the Naming Authority shall revoke the qualification for the
administration of procedures under the following circumstances:
a) the administrator is subject to winding-up or bankruptcy proceedings;
b) the number of his arbitrators drops below 15;
c) the boards are proved to have generally breached the procedural
rules;
d) the information supplied in the application is proved to be false.
Technical Procedures of Registration
Version 3.6
This document describes the procedures for the assignment,
modification, suspension and annulment of a domain name on the part of
the Registration Authority Italiana (RA).
Where written communication is mentioned here it can also be taken to
mean fax, but not e-mail.
1. Terminology and Elements for Registration
1.1 Provider/Maintainer
The provider/maintainer is the individual who has stipulated a
contract with the RA for the registration on his/her own behalf or on
the behalf of third parties of domain names in the ccTLD "it".
1.2 Letter of Assumption of Responsibility
The letter of assumption of responsibility (AR letter) is the letter
with which the domain name requester assumes full civil and penal
responsibility for the use of the domain name. In the AR letter, besides
the elements specified in article 13.1 of the Naming Rules, and besides the
Maintainer identifier, the following data must be declared, according to the
format given by the RA:
- for companies:
1. Chamber of Commerce registration number or Company Registry registration
number, when required by law;
2. VAT number
3. name and surname of legal representative
4. public office company address.
- for individual firms:
1. VAT number.
- for freelance professionals:
1. VAT number, where required by law;
2. The date and number of registration to the relevant Registry, if
such Registry exists.
- for public bodies:
1. the entitlement of the requester to represent the body;
2. details of the measures whereby the body was constituted, where
possible;
3. the fiscal code or VAT number, where possible;
4. (for Italian public bodies) if the public body is subject to AIPA
rules or not.
- for associations:
1. constitution date;
2. date and number of registration where required by law;
3. name and surname or legal representative;
4. fiscal code of VAT number where required.
- for individuals:
1. name and surname;
2. date and place of birth;
3. domestic address;
4. unique identifier (for Italy the fiscal code) and European Union
country which issued it.
The AR letter, signed by the requester, must be forwarded directly or
via one's provider/maintainer to the RA at the following address:
Registration Authority Italiana
Network Information Center
c/o Istituto IIT del CNR
Via Giuseppe Moruzzi, 1
I-56124 Pisa
Tel: +39 050 3139811
Fax: +39 050 542420
The AR letter can also be sent by the requester or his/her provider
maintainer by fax.
1.3 Domain name registration form
The domain name registration form contains the information which will
be memorised in the Register of Assigned Names (RAN) for public
access. The form must be compiled by the provider/maintainer according
to the example furnished by the RA and must be sent by the
provider/maintainer by e-mail to the RA at the following address:
domain@nic.it
or in X.400 syntax
S=domain; P=nic; A=GARR; C=it;
The provider/maintainer is the guarantor of the correctness of the
information furnished in the form on behalf of the requester.
The provider/maintainer is entrusted with the task of obtaining, via
the RIPE database server (address: auto-dbm@ripe.net), the identifiers
(NIC-HDL) of all of the individuals nominated in the registration
form. NIC-HDLs obtained with Arin, Internic and Apnic are also
considered valid.
1.4 Activation of the Internet or DSA nameserver
In the case of domain name registration in IPS format, or in ISO/ISEC
10021 format with the relative IPS format translation rule, the
requester or his/her provider/maintainer must activate at least two
authoritative nameservers, one primary and the other secondary, for
the new domain name. The following conditions must be satisfied:
the nameservers specified in the form must be at least two in number
and must correspond exactly to those configured for the domain name;
the IP addresses of the nameservers specified in the form must
correspond to those actually used by them in reality;
the first nameserver specified in the form must be the same as that
indicated in the SOA record of the domain name;
a CNAME must not be associated with the domain name;
the name of the nameserver specified in the SOA record must not be a
CNAME;
the names of the authoritative nameservers for the domain name must
not be CNAMEs;
at least one MX or A record must exist for the domain name;
where an MX record is present it must not have an associated CNAME
the nameservers, when interrogated, must not furnish the following
responses:
not responding
not reachable
not running
non-existent domain
Host not found
server failure
Query failed
If dns2.nic.it appears on the form (a service of secondary nameserver
being thus requested), the IP address specified for this nameserver
must be exact. Also, in this case:
the "refresh period" must not be less than 86400
the "retry interval" must not be less than 1800
the "expire time" must not be less than 604800
All the nameservers indicated in the form must be authoritative for
the domain name (with the exception of the nameserver where the
secondary nameserver serivce is optionally provided bu the RA, which is
automatically configured upon completed registration).
The reference documents for checks (aforementioned) are RFC974,
RFC1034 and RFC1912.
Where a domain name in format ITU X.500 is registered, the requester
or his/her
provider/maintainer must activate at least one Directory System Agent
(DSA) for the new domain name.
2. Assignment of a new domain name
2.1 Registration procedure
The registration procedure involves the following steps:
1. Send, by the registrant or by the provider/maintainer, an AR letter to
the RA, according to the specifications given in 1.2,
2. Send, by the provider/maintainer, the registration form to the RA,
according to the specifications given in 1.3, provided that the
primary and secondary nameservers have been configured, as specified
in 1.4
All of the forms, the AR letters and the requests forwarded to the RA
must be formulated in Italian language.
The registration procedure is considered active from the moment in
which the RA receives the AR letter, also potentially via fax,
correctly compiled and signed. The order of precedence with which the
registration requests are dealt with is based upon the chronological
order in which AR letters are received.
Provided that the precedence order is established by the arrival of the AR
letter, the RA will retain and consider as valid a form received up to a
maximum of 10 days before the corresponding AR letter is received, but it
will not process the form until the corresponding AR letter is accepted.
Within 10 working days form the activation of the registration
procedure, the provider/maintainer must complete the documentation
relative to the registration for the RA. Otherwise, the registration
procedure fails, the request is annulled and the provider/maintainer
which forwarded the domain name registration request is informed of
the failure of the registration procedure.
2.2 Formal and technical registration checks
Once in possession of the AR letter and the Registration Form, the RA
begins the formal and technical registration checks indicated below.
If there are syntactical, semantic or technical problems the RA
communicates this to the provider/maintainer within 10 working days
from the beginning of the said checks, giving the provider/maintainer
a period of 10 working days to solve the problems. Where these
problems are not resolved within the specified period, the
registration request is annulled and the provider/maintainer is
informed of the failure of the registration procedure.
2.2.1 Checks on the requested name
The domain name requested is compared to all other domain names within
the RAN and with those domains for which registration procedure is
active. The registration request is automatically rejected if one of
the following conditions is encountered:
the requested domain name is a duplicate in IPS syntax; or
the requested domain name is a duplicate in the ISO/IEC 10021 and the
value of the ADMD field
is different from "0"; or
the domain name requested is a duplicate in ITU X.500 syntax.
2.2.2 Documentation congruence checks
The RA checks that the AR letter and the Registration Form are
congruent, i.e. that:
the individual given on the form as "admin-c" is the same as the
signatory of the AR letter
the provider/maintainer specified in the AR letter is the same as that
which forwarded the electronic form.
2.2.3 Registration form checks
The syntactical correctness of the form is checked by the RA
(eventually via automatic procedure) which informs the sender via e-
mail if the form is correct or whether compilation errors have been
made. Where errors have been made, they must be corrected and the form
reforwarded until the operation is successful.
Once the syntactic check has been passed, the RA checks that each
individual to whom reference is made on the registration form has a
"person" entry for his/her identification. This entry must be made in
one of the following forms:
in the registration form, if the individual is new or the data
contained in an existing entry is being updated;
in the RA database, if the registration of the entry relative to the
person was compiled previously.
The RA also checks that an e-mail address for the postmaster of the
domain name has been inserted (mandatory).
2.2.4 Checks on the correct configuration of the nameservers
The correct configuration of the nameservers, according to the
specifications given in article 1.4, is checked by the RA (eventually
via automatic procedure) which informs the sender via e-mail if the
configuration is correct or whether errors have been made in the
configuration of the authoritative nameservers for the requested
domain name. The provider/maintainer must verify that this
communication has been received. Where errors have been made, they
must be corrected and the form reforwarded until the operation is
successful.
2.3 Successful conclusion of the registration procedures
If all of the formal and technical checks are passed, the RA ensures
that:
the authoritative delegates for the new domain name are correctly
inserted in the relevant nameservers or in the operational tables
necessary to the correct use of the same;
all of the other necessary registration techniques for the operation
of services relative to the new domain name are activated.
In particular the e-mail address given in the "postmaster:" field of
the registration form must be included in the distribution list
postmita@nic.it / S=postmita; P=nic; A=GARR; C=it;
containing all of the postmasters of domains under the ccTLD.it.
At this point the RA ensures that the new domain name is entered in
the RAN and sends the provider/maintainer a confirmation of the
completed registration.
2.4 Rejection of the request
The domain name assignment request is rejected where:
a) a registration procedure for the requested domain name is already
active;
b) the formal and technical checks on the registration documents give
a negative outcome and the provider/maintainer fails to furnish the
requested corrections within 10 days;
c) the documentation is not sent within 10 days of the reception of
the AR letter;
d) the provider/maintaner is defaulting with the RA.
The provider/maintainer which forwarded the domain name registration
request is informed via e-mail of the failure of the registration
procedure.
3. Annulment of an assigned domain name
The procedures for the annulment of a previously assigned domain name
are given here.
Such procedures are followed where:
1. the assignee requests that his/her domain name be changed or
renounces the domain name;
2. the domain is passed into NO-PROVIDER-MNT;
3. One of the cases laid down in articles 11.2 and 11.3 of the naming
rules which determine the annulment of an assigned domain name comes
about.
In the first instance the annulment request is presented by the
assignee of the domain name; in the second instance it is forwarded by
the provider/maintainer; in the third instance the RA proceeds
officially.
3.1 Renunciation of change of domain name on the part of the assignee
The assignee of a domain name may renounce it by forwarding a letter
expressing this wish to the RA. The request must be accompanied by
appropriate documentation proving the legitimacy of the underwriter of
the request.
At the end of the eventual period of maintenance of the domain name
according to article 11.1 of the naming rules, or immediately, where
such a request is absent, the RA removes the authoritative delegates
for the domain name from the nameservers or DSA; it cancels all of the
other technical registrations necessary to the operation of the
relative services and cancels the name from the RAN, informing the
relevant provider/maintainer of the completed cancellation of the
registration.
3.2 Annulment of a domain name no longer maintained by the
provider/maintainer
A domain name status is changed into NO-PROVIDER-MNT in the following cases:
- when the RA receives a writtem coommunication from the
provider/maintainer where he/she declares explicitly that he
will not maintain that domain any more;
- when a provider/maintainer does not have an active contract
with the RA any more.
In the domain name registration contained in the RAN the RA
substitutes the value provided in the "mnt-by:" field with NO-
PROVIDER-MNT and sends the assignee a letter by registered post
informing him/her of the transferral of the domain name into the state
of NO-PROVIDER-MNT.
Where three months pass in the absence of further communications from
the assignee in relation to the registration in question, the RA the
RA removes the authoritative delegates for the domain name from the
nameservers or DSA; it cancels all of the other technical
registrations necessary to the operation of the relative services and
cancels the name from the RAN, informing the relevant
provider/maintainer of the completed cancellation of the registration.
3.3 Annulment by the RA
Where annulment of the assignment of a domain name is put into effect
officially or following arbitration sentence or decision, the RA
removes the authoritative delegates for the domain name from the
nameservers or DSA; it cancels all of the other technical
registrations necessary to the operation of the relative services and
cancels the name from the RAN, informing the relevant
provider/maintainer of the completed cancellation of the registration.
The RA also informs the assignee of the name removed and informs the
provider/maintainer of the completed official removal of the domain
name, specifying the reasons behind the annulment and enclosing all
relevant documentation.
4. Suspension of an assigned domain name
The procedures for the suspension of a domain name are given here.
The suspension procedure of a domain name is put into effect where:
1. order of suspension on the part of judicial authorities or
arbitration body (for which see article 15.5 of the naming rules) is
issued;
2. suspension request is made on the part of the assignee according to
the substance of article 12.2 of the naming rules;
3. when the conditions given in the naming rules art. 12.3 are fulfiled.
In the first instance the suspension request must be made to the RA by
whomsoever is legally occupied with the matter or by the arbitration
body. In the latter case the suspension request is presented via
written communication from the assignee of the domain name.
In both cases he RA removes the authoritative delegates for the domain
name from the nameservers or DSA; it cancels all of the other
technical registrations necessary to the operation of the relative
services. The RA also adds the field 'SOSPESO/SUSPENDED" to the RAN
registration.
4.1 Reactivation of a suspended domain name
To reactivate a suspended domain name the RA ensures the reinsertion
of the authoritative delegates of the domain name in the nameservers
or DSA and the reinsertion of all of the other technical registrations
necessary for the operation of relative services. The RA must also
carry out the technical checks on the correct configuration of the
nameservers or DSA, as set down for the activation of a new domain
name. The RA also removes the field "SOSPESO/SUSPENDED" from the RAN
registration.
At the end of the procedure the RA informs the assignee of the domain
name and his/her provider/maintainer of the reactivation of the domain
name.
5. Modification of a domain name registration
The procedures for the modification of a domain name registration are
given here. "Modification" is taken to mean the variation of some of
the information contained in the registration, though the domain name
values in the syntaxes IPS, ISO/IEC 10021 or ITU X.500 and the subject
using the domain name remain unvaried.
In the instance of the modification of the domain name or of the
assignee, the cancellation of the previous domain name and the
registration of a new domain name according to the procedures
described in articles 2 and 3 must be put into effect.
5.1 Simple modification of the registration
Where the modification does not lead to a change of
provider/maintainer, the procedures described in articles 2.1, 2.2.2,
2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.3 and 2.4 are applied. A new AR letter is only
necessary where it is intended to vary the admin-c of the domain.
5.2 Change of provider/maintainer
The assignee of the domain name sends written declaration to the RA of
the change of maintainer/provider. This declaration must be signed by
the individual given as admin-c in the registration form or by an
individual with the power of legal representative of the subject using
the domain name; the declaration must contain indications of the past
and future provider/maintainer.
The RA modifies the RAN registration of the domain name by inserting
the value CHANGING-MNT in the "mnt-by" field; this identifies those
domain names in the process of changing provider/maintainer.
The RA, via e-mail, informs each provider/maintainer involved in the
operation of the beginning of the procedure to change
provider/maintainer. The RA also invites the new provider/maintainer
to send the new registration form for the domain name in question,
updating all data, by e-mail.
At this point the check procedures described in articles 2.2.2, 2.2.3
e 2.2.4. are followed. In addition, the RA checks that the previous
provider/maintainer has removed the previous delegates. If this is not
put into effect BY THE PREVIOUS provider/maintainer then it will
therewith be prevented from registering further domain names.
5.2.1 Modification of the delegation
If all of the checks are passed, the RA ensures that the authoritative
delegates for the domain name are correctly inserted into the
nameservers or DSA and that all of the operation tables necessary o
the correct use of the domain name are modified along with the other
technical registrations necessary for the operation of services
relative to the domain name.
The RA forwards a communication via e-mail to both of the
provider/maintainers concerned regarding the completed change of
delegation. The RA also requests the previous provider/maintainer to
remove the delegates from the precious authoritative nameservers. It
is thus the task of the previous provider/maintainer to remove the
delegates from the previous authoritative nameservers of the domain,
managed directly or indirectly, and to send confirmation of this to
the RA. If this is not put into effect BY THE PREVIOUS
provider/maintainer then it will therewith be prevented from
registering further domain names.
5.3 Rejection of the request
If eventual technical problems are not resolved by the new
provider/maintainer of the assignee of the domain name within 10
working days from the notification of such problems on the part of the
RA, the modification request is annulled and the requester is informed
of the failure of the procedure to change provider/maintainer. The
domain in thus reassigned to the previous provider/maintainer.
6. Change of a domain name assignee
6.1. Transfer upon agreement of the parties
In the event of a domain name transfer upon agreement of the parties,
the transferee has to send to the Registration Authority a written
statement signed jointly by the transferor and the transferee, and at
the same time a new letter AR.
When the RA receives the electronic form from the maintainer of the
transferee, the Registration Authority carries on the assignation of
the domain name according to art. 9 of the naming rules.
In case of irregularities within the letter or the electronic form,
the RA informs the provider/maintainer of the transferee and suspends
the assignation of that domain name until everything has been sorted
out.
The transfer action shall in any case be concluded within 10 days
from the activation of transfer procedure or from the last irregularities
in the AR letter or in the electronic form signalled to the provider/maintainer
of the transferor. If the action is not completed within the period given
above, the transfer is cancelled, and the domain name is assigned again to
the transferor.
6.2 Transfer of a domain name at the end of a reassignment procedure
At the end of a reassignment procedure, the new assignee of a domain
name has to send to the Registration Authority the letter of
assumption of responsibility for the assigned domain name and the
related electronic form through his/her provider/maintainer. After
having received this documentation, the RA carries on the assignation
of the domain name according to art. 9 of the naming rules.
The transfer action shall in any case be concluded within 30 days
from the notification by the procedure adminitstrato to the RA of the domain
name riassegnement decision. If the action is not completed within
the period given above, the transfer is cancelled, and the domain name can
be assigned by the RA to anybody requesting it.
6.3 Universal or specific "mortis causa" successions.
In the event of a universal "mortis causa" succession, the assignee
has to send to the Registration Authority his/her identification
data, as well as the death certificate of the former assignee and a
statement proving that the assignee is her/his sole heir.
In the event of a specific "mortis causa" succession, the assignee
has to send to the Registration Authority his/her identification
data, as well as the death certificate of the former assignee and a
copy of the disposition through which he/she succeeded the deceased
on the domain name title.
Furthermore, the "mortis causa" heir has to send to the Registration
Authority a new AR letter and a new electronic form with his/her data
through his/her provider/maintainer. Once the RA has received the above
mentioned documentation, it carries on the modification of the domain name
registration according to art. 9 of the naming rules.
The transfer action shall in any case be concluded within 10 days
from the activation of transfer procedure or from the last irregularities
in the AR letter or in the electronic form signalled to the provider/maintainer
of the heir. If the action is not completed within the period given
above, the transfer is cancelled, and the domain name is cancelled.
6.4 Company or company branch transfer
In the event of a company or company branch transfer, the
Registration Authority carries on the modification of a domain name
assignee when it receives a joint statement signed by the transferor
and the transferee, that contains the identification data of the
transferee and, in case of a company or entrepreneurs as for art.
2195 of the Italian civil code, the data concerning the act and its
registration.
Furthermore, the transferee has to send to the Registration Authority
a new AR letter and a new electronic form with his/her data through his/her
provider/maintainer. Once the RA has received the above mentioned
documentation, it carries on the modification of the domain name
registration according to art. 9 of the naming rules.
The transfer action shall in any case be concluded within 10 days
from the activation of transfer procedure or from the last irregularities
in the AR letter or in the electronic form signalled to the provider/maintainer
of the transferor. If the action is not completed within the period given
above, the transfer is cancelled, and the domain name is assigned again to
the transferor.
6.5 Company transformation, Company merging or Incorporation
In case of company transformation, merging or incorporation, the RA shall
receive from the requesting company an adequate declaration and a new AR
letter from the company legal representative.
Furthermore, the requesting party shall send to the RA through its
provider/maintainer a new electronic form containing its data.
Once the RA has received the above mentioned documentation, it carries on the
modification of the domain name registration according to art. 9 of the
naming rules.
The transfer action shall in any case be concluded within 10 working days
from the activation of transfer procedure or from the last irregularities
in the AR letter or in the electronic form signalled to the provider/maintainer
of the new assignee. If the action is not completed within the period given
above, the transfer is cancelled, and the domain name is restored in its
previous state.
7. Checkable documentation
At any time the RA may request the following documents:
original of the letter of assumption of responsibility, where a copy
of the same has been sent or was sent by fax;
for private companies, chamber's survey and/or certificate of
registration with the Chamber of Commerce in process as requested by
law, and a copy of the document of VAT number attribution;
for individual firms, a copy of the document of VAT number
attribution;
for freelance professionals, a copy of the document of VAT number
attribution where required by law and certificate of registration with
a professional register if existing;
for public bodies, document attesting to the title of the requester to
represent the body (also via self-certification), copy of the
administrative measure with which the body was instituted (if
possible), copy of the document of VAT number attribution or fiscal
code;
for associations, the constitutional act and/or statute;
for individuals, a copy of the identity document and a copy of the
document with unique identifier (for Italy the fiscal code).
Where this includes documentation in foreign languages, an official
translation in Italian must be appended.
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